Rhododendron arborescens (Pursh) Torr.

Fl. U.S. 425 (1824)

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Description

Shrub or small tree to 6m tall, usually non-rhizomatous; young twigs yellow-brown or rarely red-brown, glabrous or rarely very sparsely covered with unicellular hairs. Vegetative bud scales glabrous abaxially; margin unicellular-ciliate. Leaf blade membranaceous, ovate or obovate to elliptic, (4.5-)4.8-7.8(-10.5) x (1.6-) 1.9-2.6(-3.0)cm; base acute to oblique; apex acute to obtuse, often mucronate; adaxial surface glabrous, the midvein sparsely to densely covered with unicellular hairs; abaxial surface glabrous, sometimes also glaucous, the midvein sparsely covered with multicellular eglandular hairs, occasionally glabrous; margin entire, ciliate with multicellular eglandular hairs; petiole (0.2-)0.4-0.9(-1.6)cm long; glabrous or sparsely covered with multicellular eglandular hairs. Flower bud scales chestnut brown; abaxial surface glabrous or rarely with very sparse unicellular hairs; margin unicellular ciliate. Flowers appearing with the leaves or after they have expanded; Inflorescence a shortened raceme of 3 to 7 flowers. Pedicels (0.6-)1.0-1.6 (-2.1)cm long, sparsely to densely covered with unicellular and multicellular gland-tipped hairs, occasionally only with multicellular eglandular or gland-tipped hairs, rarely glabrous. Sepals less than 0.1-0.5(-0.8)cm long, often varying in length on the same flower; margins glandular-fim-briate and setose or only glandular-fimbriate, rarely only setose; abaxial surface glabrous to sparsely covered with multicellular gland-tipped hairs, eglandular hairs or with both, rarely additionally covered with unicellular hairs. Corolla white, fragrance sweet, with a cinnamon quality, the tube longer than the limb and gradually expanding into it; upper corolla lobe (1.0-)1.3-1.9(-2.1) x (0.7-)0.9-1.4(-1.8)cm; lateral lobes (1.2-) 1.4-2.0(-2.4) x (0.5-)0.6-0.9 (-1.2)cm; corolla tube (2.0-)2.3-2.9(-3.3)cm long, 0.2-0.5(-0.6)cm wide at base; outer surface of corolla sparsely covered with unicellular hairs and multicellular gland-tipped hairs that continue in lines up the corolla lobes; inner surface of corolla sparsely to densely covered with unicellular hairs. Stamens (4.4-)5.3-6.9(-8.2)cm long, with dense terete or flattened unicellular hairs on proximal (2.7-)3.0-3.8(-4.5)cm of filament, exserted (2.3-)2.9-4.3(-5.0)cm beyond throat of corolla. Style (5.3-)5.6-6.9(-7.5)cm long, exserted (3.2-)3.6-4J(-5.4)cm beyond throat of corolla, with dense unicellular hairs on proximal (0.0-)0.2-1.4(-2.6)cm; stigma 0.1-0.3cm wide. Ovary (0.2-)03-0.4cm long, 0.1-0.3cm wide at the base, densely covered with multicellular glaAd-tipped hairs and unicellular hairs. Capsules (1.1ó)1.2ó1.7 x 0.5-0.8cm, ovate, sparsely covered with unicellular hairs and moderately covered with multicellular gland-tipped hairs. S eeds pale to dark chestnut brown, ovate or elHptic to fusiform, (0.8-)l.l-1.6(-2.0) x (0.4-)0.6-1.0 (-l.l)mm,tody(0.7-)0.8-1.8 of the seed, the cells short with transverse end-walls orisodlametric.

Distribution

USA: West Virginia to Tennessee, North Carolina, Georgia and adjacent Alabama.

Altitude

Habitat

Along mountain streams, shrub balds and moist woods.

Nomenclatural History

Azalea viscosa Marshall, Arbust. Amer. 15 (1785) non L. Type: n.v. Azalea arborescens Pursh, Fl. Am. Septentr. 152 (1814). Type: n.v. Azalea fragrans Raf., Ann. Nat. 12 (1820). Type: n.v. Rhododendron arborescens (Pursh) Torr. var. richardsonii Rehder, Monogr. Azaleas 168ó 169 (1921). Azalea arborescens Pursh var. richardsonii (Rehder) Ashe, J. Elisha Mitchell Sci. Soc. 38: 91 (1922). Type: North Carolina, Macon Co.: on Wayoh [sic] Bald, alt. 5200 ft, T G. Harbison 170 (holo. A).

Notes

References

Kron, K.A. (1993) A Revision of Rhododendron Section Pentanthera. Edinburgh Journal of Botany 50(3):287